Construction of ships and other vessels.



J. R. OLDHAM. CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28. 1913.

1,1 10,077. Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

WITNESSES JOSEPH It. OLDHAM, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

CONSTRUCTION OF SHIP$ AND OTHER VESSELS.

Specification oi Zetters Patent.

Patented Sept.8, 1914.

Application filed November 28, 1913. Serial No. 803,491.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Josnirr R. OLDHAM, a

Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in the'Construction of Ships and other Vessels, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the" accompanying drawings.

This inventionrelates to the construction of steel bulk-cargo vessels, and particularly to ships designed for the ore carrying trade on the Great Lakes.

In Great Lakesvessels when loaded with ore there is invariably a large vacant space in the up or wings and at the sides between the top 0 the side water ballast tanks and the deck, throughout the cargo holds and as such vessels; have been known to capsize when loaded with a bulk-cargo, it is more than probable that the shiftingof the cargo in a Seaway, into the empty wings, has been a contributory cause of such losses.

The primary object, therefore, of my invention is to so construct, or reconstruct a bulk cargo 'vessel that the ore cargo can not fall over from the center of the holds into the upper wings so as to severely incline, or capsize, the vessel.

Another object of my invention, with the construction of longitudinally extending bulkheads, or strong screens, throughout the holds, for securing a bulk cargo against dangerous lateral movement Within the center or main holds, is to utilize the upper wings and lower sides of the holds, which are now commonly usbd for holding water ballast,

for carrying bulk cargoes; and that, without perforating my decks or stringer plates, to provide extra special hatchways over these wing or side holds.

1 will first describe my improyement in detail and then further explain and point out its novelty in claims.

Figure 1 represents a transverse section of parts of one side of a vessel embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 represents a similar section showing a difi'erent form of vessel with my longitudinal bulkheads and apertures, cargo chutes and doors. Fig. 3 is verse bulkheads.

ing a different form and arrangement of hatchways and bulkheads.

The structural details shown in the drawings may be considerably varied without dcparting from the spirit of my invention, whlch, however, it will serve to make clear.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A designates the longitudinal bulkheads which extend throughout the cargo holds, and within the boiler and engine spaces when it is desired to construct these bulkheads so as to carry oil fuel.

B represents ports or gateways to form chutes near to the top of the diagonal longitudinal bulkheads to admit cargo into the side holds C.

D represents the apertures or lower gateways near the bottom of the'side holds, to

,part of the bulkheads.

F'indicates the lower doors or gates, when fitted, and which may be either hinged or slidable, and be secured by chains or bars and bolts.

G is-the upper bottom forming water ballast tanks.

H is the diagonal extension upwardly of the upper bottom, which is supported by my novel bilge futtock and improved framing device, and which is connected to the longitudinal diagonal screen bulkheads. This futtock may be added to, to extcndit up wardly if desired.

I represents the shell of the vessel, which may be of familiar construction; J the deck. K hatchways.

L represents the main or complete trans M the partial bulkheads within the side holds. The central, or main holds are marked N.

0, represents the bilge futtock which extendsout to the inner line of the longitudinal frames P, to which it is attached and to the intercostal bars Q. The top of the water ballast tank is marked R, angle cross bars S, brackets and knee-plates T, bilge keelson U and water-tight center keelson V. Longitudinal screen bulkhead stiffening bars are marked N, the struts or ties X, arch-ed. girders Y and bottom web frames Z.

So far as supporting and securing an ore cargo is concerned, my vessel may be said ra er? I or grain lodging therein. This bulkhead construction, connectin thev water ballast tanks with the deck, ad s largely to the long tudinal and transverse strength of the hull.

Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is 2- 1. In a steel bulk-cargo vessel having a 'atcr bottom with lower side tanks, longitudinal bulkheads extending diagonally inward from the top of the water ballast tanks at sides to the deck at the sides of the hatchways, throughout the cargo holds, the upper part of said bulkheads being perforated to form chutes to admit bulk cargo into the side holds, with apertures at the lower part of said bulkheads to emit the cargo into the main holds, substantially as and for, the purpose specified. p

2. In a steel bulk-cargo vessel, longitudinal screen bulkheads extending diagonally upward and inward from the top of water ballast tanks, to which they are connected near the sides of the holds above the upper turn of bilge, said bulkheads having gateways forming chutes for filling the side holds, and apertures in the lower part of said bulkheads for emitting cargo from the side to the central holds, with doors, chains and fasteners substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a steel vessel for carrying bulk cargoes, the combination 0.? ongitudinal screen bulkheads extending diagonally upward from the'top of side water ballast tanks to the deck, to which they are secured at the sides of hatchways, with ports near the deck forming chutes for directing the cargo from the central to the side holds, and with apertures near the bottom of said bulkheads to emit the cargo into the central holds to be unloaded, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

l. A steel vessel for carrying coal or grain cargoes, the combination of longitudinal bulkheads extending diagonally downward and outward from the deck atsides of hatchways to above the bilgcs, forming central and side cargo holds. and connecting with the downward and inward diagonal extension of the upper bottom, with bilge futtocks and intercosl'al bars between the longitudinal frames, angle cross bars, stilleuing channel bars, inain transverse, and side-holds transverse bulkheads, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

A ships hull having channel bar longitudinal frames supporting the shell and decks, with steel plate transverse bulkheads secured by anc'le bars within the side holds.

the coinhhnitiou of longituoinal bulkheads.

extending diagonally from the top of water ballast tanks at sides to the deck at hatch ways, with cargo ports near the top and near the bottom of said longitudinal bulkheads, channcl and angle bar stitleners,

bracket and knee plates, substantially as inclosing the side holds, with gates at top and bottom, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. In a steel hull for transporting bulk cargoes, with water ballast tanks extending u the sides over the bilges, the combination oi longitudinal-screen bulkheads extending from the hatchways downward and outward to the bilge, forming central and side car 'o holds, respectively, and connecting with the downward and inward extension of the upper bottom over the bilges, with bilge futtocks and intercostals between the longitudinal frames substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a steel bulk cargo vessel diagonally inclined longitudinal screen bulkheads, having cargo portsat top and bottom, and extendin downward from the deck at sides ofhatc ways to the top of water ballast tanks forming central and side cargoholds substantiallv as and for the purpose specilied.

9. A hulk cargo vessel having an upper bottom and water ballast tanks above the bilges, the combination of longitudinal hulkhcads extending downward and diagonally outward from the deck at sides of hatch ways, to secure the cargo, and attached to the top of the water ballast tanks, with port-- holes and gates for admitting and emitting the cargo at the top and bottom. of said diagonal bulkheads, channel frames and stifi'ening bars, angle cross bars and knee plates, transverse partial bulkheads dividing the side holds, complete transverse bull? heads dividing the main, or centrzhholds, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. A steel vessel adapted for the trans portation of bulk cargoes, having a double bottom and water ballast tanks up the sides to above the bilges, the combination of iongitudinal screen bulkl ads extending diagonally upward and in: rd from the top of said water ballast tanks to the deck, to which they are attached inside of the hatch coam ings, with apertures f ining cargo chutes into side holds, and apertures in ll e lower portion ot' said bulkheads, close to the top of water ballast tanks, to which they are secured, rhannelbar web-frames across the bottom, secured to the longitudinal frames and to the bilge futtock, transverse bulkheads. intcrca'zstals and cross bars, transverse arched Q'lftll. s and stifle-rung bars, brackets .il. ,I, '...3y i. and knee mates. substantially as and ior the purpose specified.

as at sides of hull to, the deck at sides of hatch-"ways;

:u at the top of water ballast tanks, to whlch 11. In a modern steel huh: cargo vessel, they are cohnecfied, and which are suppmctedl hmgituclinul screen bulkheads thrnughout by steel plate bilge futtocks connecte :20 the cargo holds, xtending diagonally up the longitudinal channel bar frames and to ward and inward from above the hilges to channel intercosmls, angle cmss bars, also the deck, m which they are secured at the chains and fasteners, substantially as and 15 shlvs (Hi the hatchways, having ports and for the purpose specified.

doors forming cargo chutes in their upper JOSEPH R. OLDHAM. purt, and apertures, for the emission. 0f] Witnesses: mu'gn, in ihshr lower part above the bilges "CLARENCE R. BmsELL,

I EMMA JQHNBON. 

